KINSHASA, Dec 7, 2025 (BSS/AFP) - Rwanda's army and the M23 armed group it supports have carried out executions and forced mass displacements of people in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, UN experts said in a report seen Sunday by AFP.

The report -- an evaluation written up every six months by experts mandated by the UN Security Council -- is to be made public soon.

Its information follows a peace deal signed Thursday in Washington by the leaders of the DRC and Rwanda which has failed to quell fighting in the resource-rich DRC that has been plagued by conflict for 30 years.

Violence in that region intensified this year, after the M23 group seized the city of Goma in January.

In their latest report, UN experts say the Rwandan Defence Force (RDF) directly took part in M23 operations targeting an armed rebel group in eastern DRC called the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).

The M23 and Rwandan soldiers committed "summary executions, arrests and arbitrary detentions", and caused the mass displacement of populations, the experts' report said.

During those operations, Rwandan soldiers and the M23 "systematically" destroyed and torched homes belonging to FDLR members, it said, adding that there was "deliberate and systematic" targeting of the FDLR and civilians deemed to support it, many of them Hutus.

The report said there were at least 6,000 to 7,000 RDF soldiers, comprising two brigades and two special-operations battalions, still deployed in the DRC provinces of North Kivu and South Kivu.

Rwanda and the M23 have repeatedly denied being linked.

The UN experts, however, have already underlined the decisive role Rwanda has played in eastern DRC and in the operation to seize Goma.

Their report identified the M23 as the principal perpetrator of human rights violations documented by the UN between April and October in the DRC.

It attributed 45 percent of the recorded summary executions to the M23 group, which it said conducted forced recruitment in all areas under its control.

The UN experts' report also said that the DRC government continued to cooperate with the FDLR, which it has pledged to neutralise under the Washington peace accord.