Photo : BSS

MYMENSINGH , May 1, 2025 (BSS) - In a significant step toward sustainable agriculture and climate resilience, researchers from the Agricultural Engineering Division of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) have developed an eco-friendly and cost-effective machine for producing biochar (a natural, organic charcoal that enhances soil quality).

Led by chief scientific officer Md. Akhtarul Islam, the BINA research team claims that the newly developed "BINA Biochar" machine can efficiently produce high-quality biochar from agricultural residues such as jute sticks, rice straw, and mustard stalks through a controlled pyrolysis process. 

Pyrolysis is the process of thermal decomposition of biomass in the absence of oxygen. Unlike traditional open burning methods that emit carbon dioxide and other pollutants, the machine significantly minimizes environmental emissions.

“This biochar production technology is not only cost-effective but also environmentally sound, helping reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and enriching soil health,” said Akhtarul. 

The innovation is expected to play a vital role in enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity and mitigating the effects of climate change.

The research, conducted for over three years under BINA’s Research Activity Strengthening Project, has already been submitted to an international scientific journal. A postgraduate student has even completed their degree by evaluating the performance of the machine.

The BINA Biochar unit, powered by a 3000-watt electric heating coil, can produce 100 to 150 kilograms of biochar daily and can maintain temperatures up to 900°C. The machine features a dual-chamber system insulated with glass wool to prevent heat loss, ensuring efficient energy use.

Highlighting the benefits of biochar, Islam noted, “When applied to soil, biochar reduces acidity, increases organic carbon content, enhances water and nutrient retention, and stimulates beneficial microbes. This supports a shift toward eco-friendly farming by reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers.”

The machine is designed to work with dry biomass and requires temperature adjustments based on the feedstock – for example, 300°C for rice straw and 400°C for jute sticks.

Currently, the BINA Biochar machine is being manufactured and distributed through the National Engineering Workshop in Kewatkhali, Mymensingh, and the Agritech Engineering Workshop in Pirganj, Rangpur.